Hydroponics FAQ
Q: What are the advantages of growing hydroponically?
A: Hydroponics makes it possible to grow plants in locations where the soil quality is poor or in places where it wouldn't normally be possible, for example in rocky areas, dry areas or on small apartment balconies. Thanks to artificial lighting it's even possible to grow hydroponically indoors. Here are some comparisons between hydroponic and soil gardening:
- Hydroponic growing requires less labor than growing in soil because digging and weeding isn't required.
- Hydroponic gardeners control the quantities of nutrients and moisture they give to their plants, so plants do not need to compete for nutrients as they do in a soil garden.
- Hydroponic gardening allows more to be grown in a small area.
- Hydroponic growers have complete control over growing conditions - light, temperature, moisture and nutrients.
- Hydroponic gardens are more resistant to pests and diseases, especially when set-up indoors.
- Hydroponic gardens yield larger plants because the roots are fed directly.
A: Essentially any plant can be grown in a hydroponic garden, just like in a soil garden. Some plants do require more space to grow and should be left to more experienced hydroponic growers. For beginner hydroponic gardeners, a few suggested plants to start with are tomatoes, sweet peppers, lettuce, spinach, squash, cucumbers, broccoli, snow peas and nearly all types of flowers.
Q: I've heard horror stories about fires and explosions caused by malfunctioning hydroponic lighting. What safety precautions should I take with my hydroponic light system?
A: The majority of fire/explosion related accidents occur with HID lighting systems because of their high heat productivity. To safeguard against fire and explosion follow these safety precautions:
- HID bulbs should be secured or placed where they can't be knocked over.
- Keep HID bulbs clear of all types of moisture - which can make them explode.
- HID bulbs should never be placed on the floor or close to anything flammable.
- HID lights should be in an open area to allow for adequate cooling.
- Using too much electricity per wattage can cause an electrical fire.
- Ensure HID bulbs are warmed to room temperature before installing. An HID bulb can explode if turned on when cold.
- A heated HID bulb can explode if coated with too much oil (from fingerprints) or moisture.
- Pick up a HID bulb at its base and wrap the glass casing in a paper towel while screwing it into the lamp body.
- HID bulbs should be cleaned with a paper towel lightly moistened with glass cleaner or rubbing alcohol. Let dry thoroughly before installing.
Q: What types of light and how much light do hydroponic gardens require?
A: That will depend entirely on the type of plant you choose to grow. If you choose to use HID lights you should opt for metal halide lights during the 'vegetative stage' (when plants are developing their first leaves), and then switch to a high pressure sodium lights during the 'bloom stage' (when plants start to flower).
Q: My hydroponic plants are dying - please tell me what to do?
A: We receive questions about dying plants constantly. However, it's extremely difficult to prescribe a plant remedy without knowing the particulars of each crop and growing environment. Therefore, we've put together a list of common hydroponic plant killers. Please make the necessary changes if you find the culprit listed below:
Nutrient Levels - either using too many or too little nutrients - can kill or starve your plants. Keep nutrients simple and read the directions carefully before applying any nutrient mixes to plants.
Pests and Pets - small yellow spots are an indication of spider mites or other vermin. Please consult our page on biological pest control to rid your hydroponic garden of pests in an environmentally friendly manner. Keep pets away from the grow area - they will urinate on plants and cause them to die.
Lack of Hydration - if plants appear dried out - increase water.
Over-Hydration - no standing water should remain covering the roots.
Inadequate Temperature - your grow room should be between 65 degrees and 95 degrees Fahrenheit (between 18 degrees and 35 degrees Celsius). Keep plants shielded from wind and cold temperatures.
Inadequate Humidity - when plants are dry, mist or spray them manually.
High or Low pH - pH levels should be between 5.5 and 7.0
Bacteria, Fungi or Toxic Salt Levels - flush your grow system of toxins with water every 2 weeks.
